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==Treaties on Intellectual Property==

==Treaties on Intellectual Property==

As early as 1873, the need for international protection for intellectual property  was realized after foreign exhibitors declined to participate in the Hungary-Vienna International Exhibition of Inventions because of fear that their ideas might be stolen and it will be used for commercial purposes. This prompted the Congress in Vienna to enact a temporary but secure protection for the intellectual property rights of exhibitors. By 1878, Vienna led the International Congress on Industrial Property which was held in Paris and it was resolved that an international diplomatic conference is necessary to discuss a uniform legislation regarding industrial property between countries. In 1880, a diplomatic conference was held in Paris where a draft convention was created.<ref>

As early as 1873, the need for international protection for intellectual property  was realized after foreign exhibitors declined to participate in the Hungary-Vienna International Exhibition of Inventions because of fear that their ideas might be stolen and be used for commercial purposes. This prompted the Congress in Vienna to enact a temporary but secure protection for the intellectual property rights of exhibitors. By 1878, Vienna led the International Congress on Industrial Property, which was held in Paris, and it was resolved that an international diplomatic conference is necessary to discuss uniform legislation regarding industrial property between countries. In 1880, a diplomatic conference was held in Paris where a draft convention was created.<ref>[http://www.lex-ip.com/Paris.pdf Commentary on the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property]</ref>

[http://www.lex-ip.com/Paris.pdf Commentary on the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property]</ref>

===Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property===

===Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property===

The first major international treaty for the protection of industrial property was created in 1883 known as '''Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property''' such as inventions, trademarks and industrial designs.<ref>[http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/paris/trtdocs_wo020.html Treaty of Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property]</ref>  The original treaty was signed by Belgium, Brazil, El Salvador, France, Guatemala, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, Serbia, Spain and Switzerland.<ref>[http://www.lex-ip.com/Paris.pdf Commentary on the Original Signatories of the Paris Convention]</ref> The treaty took effect on July 7, 1884 wherein Great Britain, Tunisia and Ecuador also joined the treaty.The United Stated joined by 1887. The treaty was revised several times on December 14, 1900 at Brussels, June 2, 1911 in Washington, November 16, 1925 in Hague, October 31, 1958 in Lisbon, July 14, 1967 in Lisbon, and the latest amendment was done on September 28, 1979. At present, there are 173 countries signed in the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property.<ref>[http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ShowResults.jsp?lang=en&treaty_id=2 Members of the Paris Convention]</ref>

The first major international treaty for the protection of industrial property was created in 1883, known as '''Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property'''; it protected inventions, trademarks and industrial designs.<ref>[http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/paris/trtdocs_wo020.html Treaty of Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property]</ref>  The original treaty was signed by Belgium, Brazil, El Salvador, France, Guatemala, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, Serbia, Spain and Switzerland.<ref>[http://www.lex-ip.com/Paris.pdf Commentary on the Original Signatories of the Paris Convention]</ref> The treaty took effect on July 7, 1884 wherein Great Britain, Tunisia and Ecuador also joined the treaty. The United Stated joined by 1887. The treaty was revised several times on December 14, 1900 at Brussels, June 2, 1911 in Washington, November 16, 1925 in Hague, October 31, 1958 in Lisbon, July 14, 1967 in Lisbon, and the latest amendment was done on September 28, 1979. At present, 173 countries have signed the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property.<ref>[http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ShowResults.jsp?lang=en&treaty_id=2 Members of the Paris Convention]</ref>

===Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary Artistic Works===

===Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary Artistic Works===

The Association Littéraire et Artistique International initiated the establishment for international copyright protection as influenced by the French copyright law, "droit d'auteur."<ref>[http://multitudes.samizdat.net/Petite-histoire-des-batailles-du A Short History of Copyright Battles]</ref> The Associated drafted a treaty which was introduced in 1886 in Berne, Switzerland. Subsequently, the '''Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary Artistic Works''' was created to provide international protection for the intellectual property rights of authors and artists who are citizens of the countries that are member of the convention. The authors or artists have the  right to control, and receive payment for their works such as architectural works, drawings, music, novels, poems, plays, short stories, songs, operas,paintings and sculptures. The first signatories of the treaty were Belgium, France, Italy, Germany, Spain, Switzerland, Tunisia and United Kingdom. The United States became part of the Berne Convention not until March 1, 1989.<ref>[http://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ38a.pdf International Copyright Relations of the United States]</ref>

The Association Littéraire et Artistique International initiated the establishment for international copyright protection as influenced by the French copyright law, "droit d'auteur."<ref>[http://multitudes.samizdat.net/Petite-histoire-des-batailles-du A Short History of Copyright Battles]</ref> The Association drafted a treaty, which was introduced in 1886 in Berne, Switzerland. Subsequently, the '''Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary Artistic Works''' was created to provide international protection for the intellectual property rights of authors and artists who are citizens of the countries that are member of the convention. The authors or artists have the  right to control, and receive payment for their works such as architectural works, drawings, music, novels, poems, plays, short stories, songs, operas,paintings and sculptures. The first signatories of the treaty were Belgium, France, Italy, Germany, Spain, Switzerland, Tunisia and The United Kingdom. The United States did not become part of the Berne Convention until March 1, 1989.<ref>[http://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ38a.pdf International Copyright Relations of the United States]</ref>

The Berne Convention just like the Paris Convention established an International Bureau to handle administrative works. In 1893, the International Bureaus of the Paris Convention and the Berne Convention merged to create an '''United International Bureaux for the Protection of Intellectual Property (BIRPI)''' which later became the '''World Intellectual Property Organization ([[WIPO]])''' in 1967, headquartered in Berne, Switzerland.<ref>[http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/general/ www.wipo.int]</ref>

The Berne Convention, just like the Paris Convention, established an International Bureau to handle administrative works. In 1893, the International Bureaus of the Paris Convention and the Berne Convention merged to create an '''United International Bureaux for the Protection of Intellectual Property (BIRPI)''' which later became the [[WIPO|World Intellectual Property Organization]] (WIPO) in 1967, headquartered in Berne, Switzerland.<ref>[http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/general/ www.wipo.int]</ref>

Other treaties created to protect Intellectual Property that are administered by the WIPO include:<ref>[http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ WIPO Administered Treaties for IP Protection]</ref>

Other treaties created to protect Intellectual Property that are administered by the WIPO include:<ref>[http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ WIPO Administered Treaties for IP Protection]</ref>