Changes

{{TLD|

{{CompanyInfo|

|logo   = Name Logo.png

| logo           = Dotname.JPG‎

|status = Active

| type            =  

|manager  = [[Verisign]]

| industry        = Internet

|country   = International

|stringcontention =  

|registryprovider  = Verisign

|date = November, 2000

|type  = [[gTLD]]

|community  =

| country         =  

|keypeople =  

| businesses      =  

| products        =  

| employees      =  

| revenue        =

| website        = [http://www.verisigninc.com/en_US/products-and-services/domain-name-services/registry-services/name-domain-names/index.xhtml www.verisigninc.com]

| blog            =

| twitter        =  

| keypeople       = [[D. James Bidzos]],Executive Chairman <br> [[Mark D. McLaughlin]], Pres. & CEO

 

}}

}}

'''.name''' is a generic top level domain name in the root zone of the Domain Name System ([[DNS]]) of the internet. It is designed to provide a name space for individuals who uses their names, nicknames, or screen names to promote their blogs, websites, profession or business using their personal and unique identity as a brand. Verisign is the registry operator of .name.<ref>

'''.name''' is a [[gTLD|generic top level domain name]] in the [[Root Zone|root zone]] of the Internet's [[DNS|Domain Name System]] (DNS). It is designed to provide a name space for individuals who want to use their names, nicknames, or screen names to denote their blogs, websites, profession or business. [[Verisign]] is the [[registry]] operator of .name.<ref>[http://www.verisigninc.com/en_US/products-and-services/domain-name-services/registry-services/name-domain-names/index.xhtml www.verisigninc.com]</ref>

[http://www.verisigninc.com/en_US/products-and-services/domain-name-services/registry-services/name-domain-names/index.xhtml www.verisigninc.com]</ref>

==Background==  

==Background==  

In 1985, Dr. [[Jon Postel]] and [[Joyce Reynolds]] issued RFC 920 <ref>[http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc920.txt RFC 920]</ref> which described the deployment the original top level domains ([[TLD]]s) which include [[.com]] (commercial0, [[.gov]] (governement), [[.edu]] (education), [[.mil.]] (military), [[.org]] (organization)  and the [[.arpa]] intended for the transition of the ARPA-internet. The two-letter (alpha-2) country codes were also delegated under the ISO-3166-1 list. <ref>[http://www.iso.org/iso/english_country_names_and_code_elements ISO 3166-1-alpha-2 code elements]</ref> In 1988, the [[.net]] and [[.int]] were added to the root zone of the DNS.

During the early years of ICANN's establishment, one of the main activities of the organization was the development of new TLDs. The [[DNSO|Domain Name Supporting Organization]] (DNSO) was delegated to conduct a development process for the introduction of new TLDs and protection of popular trademarks. On July 16, 2000, the [[ICANN Board]] adopted a policy for the introduction of new TLDs.<ref>[http://www.icann.org/en/minutes/prelim-report-16jul00.htm#00.46 July 16, 2000 ICANN Yokohama Meeting]</ref> By August, ICANN issued the new TLD application process wherein proposals to sponsor or operate new TLDs were received from September 5 to October 2, 2000.<ref>[http://www.icann.org/en/tlds/application-process-03aug00.htm New TLD Application Process Overview]</ref> Eventually, on November 16, 2000, '''.name''' was one of the seven new TLDs selected by the ICANN Board along with [[.aero]], [[.biz]], [[.coop]], [[.info]], [[.museum]], and [[.pro]].

The over-all structure and delegation of the DNS was described by Dr. Postel in 1994 through RFC 1591<ref>

The first operator of the .name gTLD was delegated to the [[GNR|Global Name Registry]] (GNR), a British company, in November, 2000.The company launched .name in 2002, and offered second level (''jane.name'') and third level (''jane.smith.name'') registration for domain names, which facilitated personalized e-mail addresses.<ref>[http://www.crunchbase.com/company/globalnameregistry www.crunchbase.com]</ref> The company was acquired by [[Verisign]] in 2008, which is the current registry of the .name gTLD.<ref>[http://www.icann.org/en/tlds/agreements/name/assignment-assumption-agreement-28feb09-en.pdf Assignment and Assumption of .name Registry Agreement]</ref> Prior it its acquisition of GNR, Verisign was already providing certain registry functions to the company. It acquired GNR for $11.7 million.<ref>[http://www.wikinvest.com/stock/VeriSign_(VRSN)/Acquisition Verisign Acquisition, Wikinvest.com]</ref>

[http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc1591.txt RFC 1591]</ref> wherein the seven original TLDs ( .com, .edu. .mil, .gov, .org, .net and .int) are called generic top level domain names ([[gTLD]]s) and the alpha-2 country codes. The .mil was restricted for the use of United States military and the .org was also originally restricted to be used by U.S. government agencies. The management and coordination of the entire DNS of the internet is handled by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority. In addition, under RFC 1591 the creation of new gTLDs is unlikely to happen.

The use of internet has increased rapidly and the internet community expressed their concern of the limited choice in the registration of gTLDs. In 1998, President [[Bill Clinton]] instructed the Department of Commerce (DoC) to look into the concerns of the internet community. In response to the President's directive the DoC, issued the [[Green Paper]] which tackling the different issues related to the DNS, aspects that needs improvement and enumerated the reasons behind the widespread dissatisfaction of the internet community particularly the lack of competition in domain name registration. The Green Paper suggested improvement in the technical management of the DNS as well as introduction o new TLDs.<ref>[http://www.ntia.doc.gov/ntiahome/domainname/022098fedreg.htm Green Paper]</ref>

In 2007, the Global Name Registry was criticized by Internet security researchers because access to its Whois]] database relied on payment. According to Internet security researchers, the practice limited their ability to police the Internet, and GNR created a ''haven for hackers'' who conduct Internet scams.<ref>[http://www.wired.com/politics/security/news/2007/09/dot_name Dot-Name Becomes Cybercrime Haven]</ref>  

On the other hand, ICANN domain registrar liaison [[Karen Lentz]] explained that ICANN's contract with GNR allowed the Whois database be kept behind a paid firewall in compliance with the British government's privacy law. Lentz further explained, "There is certain data, that is minimal data, that is free, and there is tiered access to more detailed information. One level involves paying a fee to get you access to more data for a limited period of time".<ref>[http://www.wired.com/politics/security/news/2007/09/dot_name Dot-Name Becomes Cybercrime Haven]</ref>

 

 

 

 

On the other hand, ICANN domain registrar liaison [[Karen Lentz]] explained that ICANN's contract with GNR allowed the Whois data base be kept behind a paid firewall in compliance with the British government's privacy law. Lentz further explained, ""There is certain data that is minimal data that is free, and there is tiered access to more detailed information. One level involves paying a fee to get you access to more data for a limited period of time." <ref>[http://www.wired.com/politics/security/news/2007/09/dot_name Dot-Name Becomes Cybercrime Haven]</ref>

==References==

==References==

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{{reflist}}

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[[Category:Glossary]]

[[Category:TLD]]

[[Category:TLDs with Registry Agreements|name]]